In Slovakia: communism, consumerism, and evangelizing the ‘seekers’

(The Pillar. Edgar Beltrán).

For a lot people, Slovakia is hardly the first nation that comes to mind when they think of Catholic countries in Europe. They might first think of Italy, where Vatican City is, of Portugal, where Our Lady of Fatima appeared, or of Poland, where Pope St. John Paul II grew up.

Bishop Jozef Hal’Ko. Credit: Archdiocese of Bratislava

But the small Central European nation of Slovakia boasts a deep Catholic tradition, maintained even through decades of communism in the 20th century. Perhaps the best-known Catholic figure in Slovakia today is Bishop Jozef Hal’Ko, 60, the auxiliary bishop of Bratislava, the country’s capital. Hal’ko’s public defense of the Catholic faith and social media activity have made him a well-known personality in his country. The bishop’s main social media activity is his Na minútku series — “One minute” — in which the bishop preaches briefly about each Sunday’s Gospel. Bishop Hal’Ko talked with The Pillar about his pastoral activities, secularization in Europe, and the mission of evangelization.

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What should Pope Francis have said?

(The Pillar. ED. CONDON).

Pope Francis is back in the headlines Wednesday, after reportedly using an offensive Italian term for homosexuality for the second time in recent weeks. According to multiple reports, the pope used the word frociaggine, often translated as “faggotry” while speaking to some 200 Italian priests, just weeks after he reportedly used the term in a closed-door meeting with bishops. The pope used the word to describe a climate and culture around the Roman curia and to reiterate the Church’s discipline that men with a deep seated homosexual orientation should not be admitted to seminary for formation to the priesthood. According to media reports, Francis relayed a conversation with a curial monsignor who allegedly told him he was worried about “the gay culture inside [the Vatican].” Francis recounted that he told the priest “Yes, there is an atmosphere of faggotry. It’s true, you find it in the Vatican.” It is the second time in recent weeks the pope has used the term, provoking criticism for its pejorative connotations. 

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Some up-and-comers?

(The Pillar. JD FLYNN).

When Archbishop George Lucas of Omaha turns 75 on Wednesday, he will be one of 10 U.S. metropolitan archbishops serving past the formal retirement age for diocesan bishops. With Lucas’ birthday, nearly a third of America’s archdioceses will be led by an ordinary awaiting retirement — and  three more metropolitan archbishops are due to turn 75 within a year’s time. As presbyterates in Boston, Kansas City, Cincinnati, and elsewhere wait to hear who will next lead them, speculation about bishops likely to be promoted has become a frequent topic of conversation. But with massive turnover among the metropolitans in the offing, who are some of the American bishops most likely to see themselves receiving an archbishop’s pallium? The Pillar looks at five men possibly on the move.

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Vatican weighs Ukrainian eparchy for Germany

(The Pillar. LUKE COPPEN).

The Vatican is considering a request to establish a fully fledged Ukrainian Greek Catholic diocese in Germany. The Vatican’s Dicastery for the Eastern Churches has asked the German bishops’ conference for its view on whether the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarchate in Germany and Scandinavia should be upgraded to an eparchy, equivalent to a diocese. The move could have significant consequences for the Catholic Church in Germany,  with the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (UGCC) playing an enhanced role within the country’s bishops’ conference and wider Catholic life. The Synod of Bishops of the UGCC — the largest of the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches in full communion with Rome — decided at a September 2023 meeting in Rome to elevate the German exarchate to an eparchy, a step requiring Rome’s sign-off. Ukrainian Greek Catholic leader Major Archbishop Sviatoslav Shevchuk referred to the decision at a May 26 celebration in Munich, marking the exarchate’s 65th anniversary. Speaking after a May 21-24 meeting of the UGCC’s Permanent Synod in the southern German city,  Shevchuk said: “We submitted this decision to the consideration of the Holy Father Francis and now we want to confirm it once again at the end of the Permanent Synod of the UGCC.”  “Sixty-five years of the exarchate is already a bit too much,” he added. “According to Church law, the exarchate is the embryo of the diocese. This is the first, temporary step.” 

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After Christian outreach, India’s Hindu nationalist party wins first seat in Kerala region

(The Pillar. Luke Coppen)

The BJP, founded in 1980, had previously failed to gain any of Kerala’s seats in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of India’s parliament.  The BJP’s regional breakthrough came after an outreach campaign to the state’s influential Christian minority, who are typically wary of the party which insists that Hindutva, or “Hindu-ness,” is the bedrock of the country’s culture. But while early general election results suggested that India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi was on course for a third term, the BJP appeared to be struggling to win the necessary 272 seats to retain its national parliamentary majority — paving the way for a possible coalition government.  Kerala is home to around 6 million Christians, more than any other Indian state. The country’s most recent census, conducted in 2011, concluded 54.73% of Kerala’s population was Hindu, 26.56% Muslim, and 18.38% Christian. 

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The politics behind Argentina’s episcopal succession crisis

(The Pillar. EDGAR BELTRÁN).

On May 27, 2024, the Archbishop Gabriel Mestre of La Plata, Argentina, made public his resignation as archbishop, which came after just 10 months in office.  The resignation was quite surprising, considering that Mestre is only 55 years old and enjoyed the apparent trust of Pope Francis. He had also governed previously the Diocese of Mar del Plata for 6 years, in what seemed a successful term. But in the letter announcing his resignation, Mestre said it had come at the pope’s request. The archbishop explained that Francis had summoned him to Rome to “dialogue about some aspects of the Diocese of Mar del Plata after my transfer to the Archdiocese of La Plata upon being appointed metropolitan archbishop.” “After confronting some different perceptions of what happened in the Diocese of Mar del Plata from November 2023 to the present, Pope Francis asked me to resign from the See of La Plata,” he said. But according to local sources, Mestre’s resignation as La Plata’s archbishop is connected to a complicated succession fight in the Diocese of Mar del Plata.

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What’s behind the latest killing of a Christian in Pakistan?

(Luke Coppen. Pillar).

The death of Nazir Masih, a Christian in his 70s, was announced Monday, nine days after he was attacked by a mob in Sargodha, a city in Pakistan’s Punjab province.

The Catholics in Pakistan website published a photograph June 3 of Masih’s body being lowered into the earth in a black coffin bearing a cross.

The website reported that the burial took place in Sargodha’s Mujahid Colony, following a funeral service led by Protestant pastors and attended by Catholic representatives.

Why was Masih killed by a mob? Will anyone be brought to justice? And is life getting worse for Pakistan’s Christian minority?

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Record ‘profits’ for WYD 2023, but transparency may be biggest legacy

(The Pillar. FILIPE D’AVILLEZ).

The World Youth Day 2023 Foundation, which organized the event that drew over 400 thousand pilgrims to Portugal last summer, presented its official accounts on Friday, 31 May, the feast of the Visitation — a nod to the motto of the gathering: “Mary arose and went with haste”. The event’s chief organizer and now Bishop of Setúbal, Cardinal Américo Aguiar, told journalists that the WYD had made a “profit” of around 35 million euros, though the technical term is “surplus,” not profit, since the World Youth Day project is a non-profit.  The financial result is a likely record for a World Youth Day since the event began in Rome in 1986. At least, as far as anyone call tell. While the results from last year’s gathering show a very healthy financial situation, organizers in Portugal have little data to go on for comparison, since previous WYDs have been notoriously lax in their bookkeeping and financial transparency, Cardinal Aguiar pointed out during the press conference. “As far as we know, this is the most lucrative WYD ever,” the cardinal said. “We have an outline of Panama’s accounts, and they required an injection of capital to remain afloat. Brazil had a significant deficit, partly because of weather conditions that flooded the initial venue. We got nothing from Krakow. Madrid, in 2009, was a special case, since the Church formed a private company to organize it, which was then extinguished and never felt the need to make its accounts public.” 

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Hong Kong cardinal: Tiananmen massacre left ‘deep wound’

(The Pillar. LUKE COPPEN).

In a May 30 column in the Sunday Examiner, the Diocese of Hong Kong’s weekly newspaper, Chow reflected on what he called “the life-sapping event that took place 35 years ago in the capital city.” On June 4, 1989, Chinese communist authorities sent troops to crack down on pro-democracy protesters occupying Tiananmen Square in Beijing, resulting in hundreds of deaths. The massacre is known as the June Fourth Incident in China, where discussion of the event is heavily censored. Chow did not use the words “Tiananmen Square” or “massacre” in the column, referring only to the “event” 35 years ago. “What happened 35 years ago has left a deep wound in parts of our psyche, though it has been buried and scarred over,” wrote Chow, who was named Bishop of Hong Kong in 2021. “Yet, it remains a sore spot that requires proper attention for healing. And I am praying for that closure to happen.” “Having said that, I understand that we must not wait but to move on. A healthy life should not be stuck in a dark space of unending sorrows and resentment.”

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A template for change? Zero tolerance by the numbers

(The Pillar. ED. CONDON).

The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops released on Tuesday its annual independent statistical report on abuse allegations in the Church in the U.S. As with previous years, the headline statistics make for grim reading — some 1,300 new allegations came to light from July 2022 to June 2023. But also as with previous years, the report charts some remarkable progress. The number of new allegations in 2022-23 was less than half the previous year’s tally, and barely more than a quarter of the tally for 2019 — the high water mark for allegations coming to light in the wake of the McCarrick scandal and Pennsylvania Grand Jury report. And, as has been the case for some time now, the overwhelming majority of the new cases reported were of decades-old instances of abuse, more than two-thirds of which concern the 1960s through 1980s.  The report, compiled by the National Review Board for the Protection of Children and Young People, has become a bittersweet annual health check for the Church in the United States, marking real year-on-year declines in the number of allegations coming to light, both recent and historical. While no report could ever capture the human cost of decades of sexual abuse, facilitated by negligent and sometimes maliciously culpable administration, the USCCB findings do lay bare the ever mounting financial price of failure — more than $260 million in compensation to survivors in the last year.

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New clash shows strains in Germany’s ‘synodal coalition’

no foto

(The Pillar. LUKE COPPEN).

The ZdK, which co-sponsored Germany’s “synodal way,” accused the bishops in a May 28 statement of putting the contentious reform project in jeopardy. In a sharply worded message, ZdK said that the bishops had “cast doubt on the extent to which they respect the central resolutions of the synodal way, commit themselves to them, and see them as a central component of their leadership actions.”  How, precisely, have the bishops antagonized the ZdK? And what does the strain mean for the “synodal committee,” the body created to advance the synodal way’s agenda over the next few years?

The Pillar takes a look.

Scouts honor

The Catholic Church in Germany is losing hundreds of thousands of members a year. But it still has an impressive network of organizations, ranging from Caritas Germany, one of the country’s biggest welfare institutions, to the German Catholic Scout Association, the nation’s largest scouting group. The association, known by its German initials DPSG, has around 95,000 members, including both boys and girls. It welcomes children from all religious backgrounds, while encouraging members “to discover their spirituality and their relationship with God.” The DSPG has a three-member national executive board, consisting of a chairman, a chairwoman, and a person known as the Bundeskurat (literally, the “national curate”), who is responsible for pastoral care and serves as the association’s spiritual adviser. The current national curate is Fr. Matthias Feldmann, a priest of the Diocese of Essen, who was elected for a three-year term in 2018 and re-elected in 2021.

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The challenge facing Venezuela’s new nuncio

(The Pillar. EDGAR BELTRÁN).

The Vatican announced May 14 the appointment of Archbishop Alberto Ortega Martín as the new apostolic nuncio to Venezuela. Archbishop Ortega Martín has been a serving papal ambassador for a decade, seeing service first in Iraq and Jordan, then in Chile, before his new appointment this month. But despite already serving in war zones and countries in the midst of protracted abuse scandals, Ortega Martín may now face perhaps the hardest challenge of his Vatican diplomatic career. 

Alberto Ortega Martín was born in Madrid in 1962, and ordained a priest of the Madrid archdiocese in 1990. Long associated with the Communion and Liberation movement, he entered the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy — the training school for the Vatican’s diplomatic corps — in 1993 to begin his diplomatic career. In 1997, the priest received his first foreign assignment, as advisor to the nunciature in Nicaragua, before going on to serve as secretary in the nunciatures of South Africa and Lebanon. In 2004 he returned to the Secretariat of State’s diplomatic offices in Rome, and since 2007 he has headed the Vatican’s North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula desks within the Section for Relations with States, including working on negotiations to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Ortega succeeds Aldo Giordano, nuncio in Venezuela from 2013 to 2021, who died of Covid-19 a few months after starting to work as nuncio to the European Union.  Before Giordano, the apostolic nuncio to Venezuela was now-Cardinal Pietro Parolin, currently the Vatican Secretary of State. In 1997, the priest received his first foreign assignment, as advisor to the nunciature in Nicaragua, before going on to serve as secretary in the nunciatures of South Africa and Lebanon. In 2004 he returned to the Secretariat of State’s diplomatic offices in Rome, and since 2007 he has headed the Vatican’s North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula desks within the Section for Relations with States, including working on negotiations to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Ortega succeeds Aldo Giordano, nuncio in Venezuela from 2013 to 2021, who died of Covid-19 a few months after starting to work as nuncio to the European Union. Before Giordano, the apostolic nuncio to Venezuela was now-Cardinal Pietro Parolin, currently the Vatican Secretary of State.

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Australia records sharp drop in Mass attendance

(The Pillar. LUKE COPPEN).

The proportion of Australia’s Catholics attending weekly Mass fell from 11.8% to 8.2% between 2016 and 2021, according to figures released this week. The Australian Catholic Mass Attendance Report 2021 said that the number of Massgoers dropped from 623,400 to 417,350 — a fall around a third — in the five-year period. Some of Australia’s 33 dioceses saw especially sharp declines. In the Diocese of Maitland-Newcastle, attendance dipped from 10,465 in 2016 to 5,443 in 2021, a 48% reduction. The diocese in New South Wales had the country’s lowest Mass attendance rate in 2021, well below the national average at 3.7%. The Maitland-Newcastle diocese is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Sydney, which had an above-average Mass attendance rate of 10.4% in 2021. But the Sydney archdiocese — arguably the country’s most prominent — also saw a significant decline in Mass attendance, from 93,365 to 61,247 over the five years, a fall of 34%. The nationwide Mass attendance rate of 8.2% likely puts Australia at the lower end of the global spectrum, alongside countries such as Brazil and France. 

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Parolin’s ‘no diplomacy’ diplomacy for a Chinese Chur

(The Pillar. ED. CONDON).

Chinese Catholics can be their country’s best citizens, Vatican Secretary of State Cardinal Pietro Parolin said in a speech Tuesday at a conference in Rome. Parolin, the Holy See’s foreign minister and the architect of the controversial Vatican-China deal on the appointment of bishops, used the example of a 19th century papal envoy to China to outline a vision for Church-state relations and enculturation for the local Church. Key to a flourishing Church in China, according to Parolin, is making the local Church “missionary” but not foreign, and stripping back the Holy See’s engagement with the government to the level of ecclesiastical affairs only. While indicating that the Vatican-China deal was almost sure to be renewed later this year, the cardinal also repeated the Holy See’s ambition for a permanent presence on the mainland, with a dedicated Vatican envoy in China. But, Parolin stressed, that envoy would have to be a purely pastoral presence, shorn of the diplomatic role of Vatican’s global emissaries. The cardinal’s speech, given May 21 at a conference hosted by the Pontifical Urban University in Rome titled “100 years since the Concilium Sinense: Between the Past and the Present” offered an interesting view of the roadmap being pursued by the Vatican in China.

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Who’s responsible for ending the Syro-Malabar liturgy impasse?

(The Pillar. LUKE COPPEN).

In an interview published this week, the new head of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church seemed to downplay the liturgical dispute within the Eastern Church based in India. “There is a controversy, but that controversy, according to me, is a little bit exaggerated by the media, especially social media,” Major Archbishop Raphael Thattil told Vatican News. But he conceded that there had been “a little difficulty” in the Archeparchy of Ernakulam-Angamaly, the most populous Syro-Malabar diocese, where the liturgy controversy has prompted street brawls, the burning of cardinals in effigy, and tussles in church sanctuaries. “This is a temporary controversy which can be settled by amicable discussions and friendly approaches and things like that,” the Major Archbishop said with admirable sangfroid. But Thattil also offered an interesting aside. He noted that one of the difficulties related to the liturgy dispute in Ernakulam-Angamaly is that “this diocese at present is under the care of a pontifical delegate, Cyril Vasil’, and they [also] have an apostolic administrator.”

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Is Italy’s ‘in persona episcopi’ experiment for diocesan mergers ending?

(The Pillar. LUKE COPPEN)

No country in the world has as many dioceses united in persona episcopi as Italy. That’s partly because Italy has a vast number of dioceses to begin with: 226 in all. That’s more than the 194 in the U.S., although America has millions more Catholics. Italy has a total of 41 dioceses united in persona episcopi, or “in the person of the bishop.” This means that the Vatican has taken two dioceses and, instead of merging them, appointed a single bishop to oversee both, while preserving the dioceses as separate entities. On May 2 this year, for example, the Vatican announced that the Italian dioceses of San Benedetto del Tronto-Ripatransone-Montalto and Ascoli Piceno would be united in persona episcopi. The dioceses remain in their previous form, but 58-year-old Archbishop Gianpiero Palmieri is now responsible for them both. The in persona episcopi trend has spread to other countries with declining Catholic practice, including CanadaIrelandSpain, and Wales

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Why Cuba is getting worse for the Catholic Church

(The Pillar. EDGAR BELTRÁN).

It is almost a cliché in Latin America that whenever a leftist government is elected, people ask if the country will become the “next Cuba.” But with persecution of the island nation’s Catholic Church increasing, it might be more apt for Catholics to ask if Cuba is becoming the “next Nicaragua.” As the economic crisis in the country worsens and protests against the regime increase, government pressure on the Catholic Church grows, despite a progressive increase in freedom of worship in the last three decades.

Priests have denounced government threats and intimidation, Holy Week processions have been banned and several Catholic activists have been imprisoned or exiled from the country. “I’d say that in Cuba there is freedom of worship, but not religious freedom. There is freedom of worship because you can go to church on Sundays in peace. Before they viewed that badly, now not so much — there are Masses, there are retreats, there are seminaries,” said Bladimir Navarro, a Cuban priest who has lived in exile in Madrid for the last four years.

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Do synod reports show a real consensus on women deacons?

(The Pillar. Luke Coppen).

The deadline passed this week for the world’s bishops’ conferences to submit feedback ahead of this October’s session of the synod on synodality.

A handful of territories have posted their reports online, including AustraliaAustriaLuxembourg, and Switzerland

There’s a striking convergence in those four reports: they all suggest there is significant support for the admission of women to the diaconate among Catholics in their countries.

Why are the reports addressing the topic of women deacons in the first place? What exactly are they saying? And how significant are they likely to be?

Why do the feedback reports address women deacons?

After the synod on synodality’s first session in Rome in October 2023, the General Secretariat of the Synod — the Vatican body overseeing the global synodal process — asked local Churches to offer feedback.

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Arab League ambassador: Patriarch Pizzaballa ‘not necessarily’ well received

(The Pillar. Filipe D’Avillez).

An Arab League ambassador said this week that Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem Pierbattista Pizzaballa has “not necessarily” been well-received by Arab Christians in the role that he has occupied since 2020.

“There are different opinions, but I think we would have preferred to have an Arab prelate,” said diplomat Malek Twal, the ambassador of the Arab League in Spain.

He told The Pillar that while Pizzaballa “tried at the very beginning” to serve as a mediator in the current conflict in the Middle East, his efforts were “without any concrete results.” 

Pizzaballa was appointed by Pope Francis as Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem four years ago. The role, which serves Latin Rite Catholics in Cyprus, Jordan, Israel and Palestine, had previously been held by Archbishop Fouad Twal, uncle of Malek Twal, who retired in 2016. 

Before his appointment as patriarch, Pizzaballa had spent years working in the Holy Land, including most recently as apostolic administrator of the patriarchate he currently heads.

Shortly after the mass-casualty terrorist attacks on Israel on October 7 last year, Pizzaballa made headlines by saying he was willing to take the place of Israeli hostages being held in Gaza by the Islamist group Hamas.

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Cardinal Hollerich and synodal inevitability

(The Pillar. Ed Condon)

The relator-general of the global synod on synodality, Cardinal Jean Claude Hollerich, backed this week the incremental and “tactful” progress towards the ordination of women to the priesthood.

The cardinal, who is also Archbishop of Luxembourg, was appointed by Pope Francis to oversee the collection and synthesis of discussion and responses during the multi-year synodal process, due to reconvene in Rome in October.

Hollerich’s call for “patient” discussion towards women’s sacramental ordination runs contrary both to Francis’ affirmation that such ordinations are impossible and that the synod should not be treated as a venue for debating doctrinal change.

But if Hollerich is allowed to continue uncorrected in his role, many might question the integrity of the entire synodal process — and even the pope’s sincerity about his intentions for it.

Speaking to the official media portal of the Swiss bishops’ conference May 17, the cardinal from Luxembourg said that the campaign for the sacramental ordination of women needed to show some “tact and patience” if they wanted to see “real solutions.”

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